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Counter-shock The Oil Counter-Revolution of the 1980s

為了解決Fossil ca的問題，作者 這樣論述：

The oil price collapse of 1985-6 had momentous global consequences: non-fossil energy sources quickly became uncompetitive, the previous talk of an OPEC 'imperium' was turned upside-down, the Soviet Union lost a large portion of its external revenues, and many Third World producers saw their foreign

debts peak. Compared to the much-debated 1973 oil shock', the countershock' has not received the same degree of attention, even though its legacy has shaped the present-day energy scenario. This volume is the first to put the oil counter-shock' of the mid-1980s into historical perspective. Featu

ring some of the most knowledgeable experts in the field, Counter-Shock offers a balanced approach between the globalpicture and local study cases. In particular, it highlights the crucial interaction between the oil counter-shock and the political counterrevolution' against state intervention in e

conomic management, put forward by Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher in the same period. Duccio Basosi is Assistant Professor of History of International Relations at the Ca’ Foscari University of Venice. He has worked extensively on the international political economy of the 1970s and 1980s. Be

tween 2011 and 2016 he has coordinated the research project The Engines of Growth: A Global History of the Conflict between Renewables, Fossil and Fissile Energies 1972-1992, funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research. Giuliano Garavini is Senior Braudel Fellow at the European Univers

ity Institute (EUI) in Florence and Visiting Senior Research Fellow in the Humanities at NYU Abu Dhabi. He headed the Padua unit of the project `The engines of growth: for a global history of the conflict between renewable, fossil, and fissile energies, 1972-1992’, funded by the Italian Ministry of

University and Research. He is the author of After Empires. European Integration, Decolonization and the Challenge from the Global South, 1957-1986 and co-editor of Oil Shock. The 1973 Crisis and its Economic Legacy.Massimiliano Trentin is Assistant Professor of History and International relations o

f the Middle East at the Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Bologna. He works on the International History of the Middle East and North Africa, with a special focus on the interplay between diplomacy, economics and development. He is the author of Engineers of Modern Developm

ent: East German Experts in Ba’thist Syria, 1965-1972, and editor of The Middle East and the Cold War: Between Security and Development. He is the Principal Investigator of the PRIN National Research Grant from the Italian Ministry of Scientific Research for the project The Making of the Washington

Consensus: International Assets, Debts and Power 1979-1991.

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膠凝時間對可能用作柴油吸收劑藻酸鹽氣凝膠吸收率的影響

為了解決Fossil ca的問題，作者葉羅納 這樣論述：

漏油是海洋生態系統及其周邊的嚴重問題之一，已有一些技術可緩解這一問題，其中之一就是吸收。本研究探討使用自然可得的生物質，即海藻酸鈉，作為吸收劑合成的前體。雖然海藻酸鹽吸收劑合成和改性的各種方法已被廣泛研究，但關於凝膠時間對其性質和吸收率的影響所知甚少。本研究使用 1 w/v % 海藻酸鈉與 1 wt% CaCl 交聯 0、3、6 和 12 小時所得之海藻酸鹽氣凝膠(AA)分別稱為 AA-0、AA-3、AA-6、AA-12。凝膠時間對 AA 物理化學性質的影響藉由電感耦合等離子體發射光譜儀 (ICP-OES) 分析、使用壓汞孔隙率計 (MIP) 量測總孔體積和使用萬能測試機（UTM）評估其抗壓

強度；結果顯示凝膠時間越長，表觀密度和鈣含量增加，從而增加了 AA 氣凝膠的最大應力。本研究使用柴油為模型吸收物。在合成的 AA 中，AA-3 具有最高的吸收能力（Q=11.20 g/g）、可重複使用性（最多 29 次循環）和再吸收能力（Q= 4.09 g/g）。通過添加單寧酸和十二烷硫醇進行表面改性，將親水性 AA-3 轉化為更疏水的 AA-3Do。傅里葉變換紅外 (FTIR) 數據證實了在 AA-3Do 中成功地加入了添加劑。 AA-3Do 顯示能極快速吸收柴油，初始速率 ((R_0) 為 1.12E+09 g/g.s，但緩慢地吸收水 (R_0 = 27.6526 g/g.s)，在其動力學

數據中觀察到 2 吸收平衡。擬二級動力學和兩步線性驅動力 (LDF) 模型分別可最佳地描述柴油和水的吸收。本研究還探討了可重複使用性，並證明了 AA-3Do 偏好吸收柴油勝過吸收水。

Counter-Shock: The Oil Counter-Revolution of the 1980s

為了解決Fossil ca的問題，作者Basosi, Duccio (EDT)/ Garavini, Giuliano (EDT)/ Trentin, Massimi 這樣論述：

The oil price collapse of 1985-6 had momentous global consequences: non-fossil energy sources quickly became uncompetitive, the previous talk of an OPEC 'imperium' was turned upside-down, the Soviet Union lost a large portion of its external revenues, and many Third World producers saw their foreign

debts peak. Compared to the much-debated 1973 oil shock', the countershock' has not received the same degree of attention, even though its legacy has shaped the present-day energy scenario. This volume is the first to put the oil counter-shock' of the mid-1980s into historical perspective. Featu

ring some of the most knowledgeable experts in the field, Counter-Shock offers a balanced approach between the globalpicture and local study cases. In particular, it highlights the crucial interaction between the oil counter-shock and the political counterrevolution' against state intervention in e

conomic management, put forward by Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher in the same period. Duccio Basosi is Assistant Professor of History of International Relations at the Ca’ Foscari University of Venice. He has worked extensively on the international political economy of the 1970s and 1980s. Be

tween 2011 and 2016 he has coordinated the research project The Engines of Growth: A Global History of the Conflict between Renewables, Fossil and Fissile Energies 1972-1992, funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research. Giuliano Garavini is Senior Braudel Fellow at the European Univers

ity Institute (EUI) in Florence and Visiting Senior Research Fellow in the Humanities at NYU Abu Dhabi. He headed the Padua unit of the project `The engines of growth: for a global history of the conflict between renewable, fossil, and fissile energies, 1972-1992’, funded by the Italian Ministry of

University and Research. He is the author of After Empires. European Integration, Decolonization and the Challenge from the Global South, 1957-1986 and co-editor of Oil Shock. The 1973 Crisis and its Economic Legacy.Massimiliano Trentin is Assistant Professor of History and International relations o

f the Middle East at the Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Bologna. He works on the International History of the Middle East and North Africa, with a special focus on the interplay between diplomacy, economics and development. He is the author of Engineers of Modern Developm

ent: East German Experts in Ba’thist Syria, 1965-1972, and editor of The Middle East and the Cold War: Between Security and Development. He is the Principal Investigator of the PRIN National Research Grant from the Italian Ministry of Scientific Research for the project The Making of the Washington

Consensus: International Assets, Debts and Power 1979-1991.

中學生染料敏化太陽能電池實作課程的開發與挑戰

為了解決Fossil ca的問題，作者簡森乙 這樣論述：

本研究開發可驅動風扇馬達供學生實驗操作組裝的染料敏化太陽能電池教學模組，讓學生可以動態觀察到光能轉換成電能再轉換成動能的過程，進而促進學生了解太陽能電池內部工作原理。研究發現教學模組除太陽光外，也可在鹵素燈、傳統燈泡及聚光手電筒照射下驅動小馬達。此外，成功開發以家用電熨斗熱壓方式取代昂貴實驗室熱壓機設備，大幅降低設備成本使教學模組組裝實驗可於中學操作。無論高中生或國中生可於兩節課內完成實驗，八成以上學生完成的染料敏化太陽能電池可成功驅動小馬達。實驗步驟及設備經優化後，將教學模組的實驗開發成為中學實作課程。本研究利用行動研究法，經以下步驟逐步驗證。首先，請10名高中科學研究社學生協助修訂實驗流

程，在開放式問卷顯示這10名學生皆同意本實作課程可增進他們了解染料敏化太陽能電池及其他太陽能電池。第二步，開設高一能源選修課，其中三週實施本實作課程，共有35名學生參與課程，學生在5等第李克特量表顯示他們高度期待自己能做出效能佳的太陽能電池及完成自己的太陽能電池可讓自己感到成就感。第三步，將實作課程推廣至國中科學營中，共有37名國中學生完成實作課程，問卷回饋顯示學生同意他們很喜歡利用實作課程來學習科學知識。第四步，12名參加研習國中小教師評估本課程適合國、高中生並認為是很好的跨科課程。研究顯示本實作課程培育對STEM領域學生之實驗技巧、學習動機、科學知識及永續態度有正向幫助。