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高性能乙太光纖網路點對點媒體串流直播之研究

為了解決vcr fitting的問題，作者林安卓 這樣論述：

The popularity of video streaming has currently gaining its popularity among Internet users. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) live streaming is one of the most prevalent multimedia applications that requires strict Quality of Service (QoS) but can dictate a need of bandwidth improvement for users. Due to this in

creasing demand of higher bandwidth, the access network development is evolving to the use of optical network technologies. In the access network, Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) is regarded as one of the promising candidates to deliver this type of application (i.e., P2P live streaming) wit

h the high-speed transmission and low-cost. However, depend only on bandwidth capacity upgrade alone is not the only solution, because increasing the bandwidth capacity in the access network is likely lead to a significant growth in the aggregation or core network as well. Therefore, to be successfu

l, these applications must consider the benefits of involving the stakeholders, such as: 1) user that demand for high Quality-of-Service (QoS) with low charges and limited resource contribution, 2) content provider, which aims to reduce the server hosting cost, and 3) network operators that intent t

o prevent inefficient use of their infrastructure. It is vital for the network operators to manage the available resources (e.g., bandwidth) efficiently to satisfy the QoS. Although the Internet P2P live streaming acts like P2P file sharing like BitTorrent, it imposes sticker requirements e.g., low

startup delay, smooth playback, and etc. Ideally, from the network operators perception, downloading and uploading video chunks from/to the nearer neighbors or peers are much more efficient, cutting down the Inter Internet Service Providers (ISPs) or network operators traffic cost. Moreover, by keep

ing the contents always near to the peers, the streaming can start within seconds and there should be low playback delay. Consequently, one possible solution to tackle this problem is by keeping the traffic locally i.e., inside the access network area as many as possible. Moreover, by adopting the t

raffic localization, the network operators can reduce the costly inter-domain traffic; while at the same time enhancing the P2P live streaming QoS because the streaming can be delivered locally. On the other hand, the content providers are also gaining benefit because users are able to have high str

eaming quality. Consequently, this dissertation aims to examine of how the network operators can provide a high performance P2P live streaming to the customers. We introduced traffic localization and mechanism by using OpenFlow switch, autonomous protection mechanism and resource allocation (i.e.,

Inter-Scheduling and Intra-Scheduling) management to reduce the costly inter domain traffic and enhancing the P2P live streaming QoS to accomplish win-win solution situation among stakeholders (i.e., network operators, content providers and customers.

應用於雜訊網路通道具容錯能力的可調式視訊傳輸之研究

為了解決vcr fitting的問題，作者何健鵬 這樣論述：

近年來因為寬頻服務的日趨成熟，多媒體串流技術和點對點(P2P)分散式網路架構的隨選視訊點播服務的傳輸與流通量也越來越大，在現有的網路傳輸系統中，存在封包遺失累積問題，因此穩定可靠的多媒體數據傳輸方法正成為越來越重要的研究主題。其中，在典型的多媒體通信應用中高效率容錯和錯誤恢復能力的演算法透過分析和數值方法來實現多目標優化性能指標的有效技術。與傳統數據通信的特點相較，多媒體串流有四個方面的主要差別: (1)、封包丟失是視訊串流品質不確定性的主要原因之一，並可能會導致許多有價值的視訊資訊缺失，進而造成影像品質嚴重下降。(2)、總頻寬的需求仍遠遠超過了現有的通信網絡基礎設施(如：支援高品質視訊隨選

點播服務)。(3)、雖然在客戶端的緩衝器設計可以吸收傳輸速率的變化，但這不足以保證多媒體串流的服務品質(如：網路電視和網路電話）。(4)、雖然大多數的多媒體數據壓縮傳送允許應用在漏失封包和多錯誤的網路環境，並且由於人類視覺感知系統對於某些影像的變化不夠敏感，因此能容忍有某些程度的影像品質下降。進而，在視頻傳輸可調式編碼的基礎上使用錯誤控制和非均等錯誤保護碼可以是一個廣為被接受的方法來改善接收到的視訊品質。在本論文中我們針對視訊串流在不斷變化的網路條件中，提出可擴展性、具錯誤容忍度和有效的錯誤保護的演算法，來達成系統優化性能之有效視訊傳輸技術。我們針對在漏失封包和多錯誤的網路環境下提出一個三維小

波可調式視訊編碼演算法為基礎的內容自適應之錯誤保護技術，利用細緻可調式的方式去增強資料錯誤的保護能力。所提出的細緻可調式之錯誤保護演算法可在視訊編碼率和影像失真之間選擇一個適當的折衷，以適切決定可調式視訊編碼率和通道編碼-前向錯誤更正碼的保護安排。實驗結果顯示，確實能達成在多媒體數據傳輸應用中重建視訊品質和系統容錯能力之間的平衡。在P2P分散式網路架構的視訊串流之研究中，我們結合非結構性對等網路運算與隨選視訊技術，發展一套以視訊編碼之失真模型為基礎的複本容錯機制，希望藉由有效的佈建高視訊品質影響及高點播率之複本於點播視訊流中高失真區與非連續區域來提升整體服務成效。根據模擬實驗證明我們所提的方法

，相對於其它的容錯機制，在點對點網路環境中廣泛存在的搭便車 (free-rider) 現象出現時亦可有效的降低終端使用者間影像品質損失，並在不同點對點網路條件下能有較穩定的視訊撥放品質。整體而言本方法可以有效降低隨選視訊服務伺服器的工作負載。