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臺北醫學大學 保健營養學系博士班 黃士懿、陳揚卿所指導 NGAN THI KIM NGUYEN的 Precision nutrition for children with early puberty: leveraging nutrigenomics and lipidomics analysis （2021），提出T20II 2022關鍵因素是什麼，來自於precocious puberty、central precocious puberty、systematic review、meta-analysis、gene-nutrient interaction、lipidomic analysis、LS/MS、biomarkers。
而第二篇論文亞洲大學 食品營養與保健生技學系 楊雅甄所指導 許羽鎔的 台灣康復力、假酸漿和塔山澤蘭中吡咯里西啶類生物鹼之季節變化含量分析 （2021），提出因為有 吡咯里西啶生物鹼、康復力、假酸漿、塔山澤蘭、氣相層析質譜儀的重點而找出了 T20II 2022的解答。
Precision nutrition for children with early puberty: leveraging nutrigenomics and lipidomics analysis
為了解決T20II 2022 的問題，作者NGAN THI KIM NGUYEN 這樣論述：
Background: Precocious puberty (PP) is puberty occurring at an unusually early age that brings in adverse health outcomes during adolescence and adulthood. Pubertal development is a complex biological process of sexual development and is affected by genetic, nutritional, environmental, and socio-ec
onomic factors. However, the relationship between pre-pubertal intakes of energy, fat, fiber, protein levels and pubertal timing has been debated. In the genomic era, it is necessary to examine the individual response to a specific diet and how diet influences metabolic regulation in children with P
P personally. Limited evidence investigated the timing of pubertal onset by examining the interaction of nutrient intake and PP-related genetic loci. Importantly, endocrine disorders can alter lipid metabolism. The fact that puberty onset requires critical weight and body fat based on the “critical
weight hypothesis” and many lipid species have been noticed in many human obesity and metabolic syndrome studies. However, a lack of evidence works on lipidomes to propose the based-lipid biomarker and lipid metabolism in predicting PP in children.Methods: By performing a systematic review and meta-
analysis of prospective studies, we aimed to disclose the role of pre-pubertal and pubertal nutrient intake in PP development. Thereafter, we conducted a Taiwan Puberty Longitudinal Study (TPLS) in recruiting adolescents from pubertal and pediatric endocrine clinics in the Northern/Southern part of
Taiwan. The buccal samples for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction and genotyping were collected from a total of 1404 children. We will examine the nutrient intake on the interaction with PP-related SNPs on pubertal timing using the “interaction term” of logistic regression. Also, lipidomic analy
sis deriving from 178 subjects’ plasma samples was used to identify the critical lipid biomarkers in diagnosing PP and central precocious puberty (CPP).Results: A high intake of protein, particularly animal protein, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) among prepu
bertal girls were significantly associated with PP risk. We also found that SNP rs12617311, rs2090409, and rs12148769 were significantly associated with PP in children. Specifically, different genotypes interacted with such food groups and micronutrient intake. A significant interaction was observed
between intake of vegetables, fruits, fructose and menarcheal loci rs12617311 (PCL1). The rs2090409 (TMEM38B) was more likely to interact with vitamin intake. Importantly, rs12148769 (MKRN3) appeared a significant interaction with saturated FA and MUFA intake. Whist, SNP rs10980921 (ZNF483) showed
a significant interaction with total PUFAs intake. The intake of sucrose, MUFAs, and PUFAs was associated with the potential lipid-based biomarkers, such as Cer(d16:1/22:0), PI(18:2/22:1), and PI(18:2/22:2) of girls and Cer(t20:0/18:0), Cer(d18:1/16:0) and Cer(d18:1/18:1) of boys that could predict
PP and CPP onset. In addition, the lipidomic analysis proposed several candidate lipids metabolism pathways, such as sphingolipid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, and bile acid biosynthesis for an in-depth lipid mechanism that can be linked to PP and CPP pathophysiology.Conclusion: There was an int
eraction between genetic variant, lipid metabolism, and nutrient intake that was convinced to be associated with PP and CPP development in girls and boys. Nutrient intake may be an important factor in modulating early puberty, especially the consumption of sugar, fructose, and specific saturated fat
ty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids. Additional research is needed to determine the biological causes of individual variability in response to dietary intake. Likewise, understanding the influence of nutrigenetic interactions on dyslipidemia can aid in the development
and implementation of personalized dietary strategies to improve the PP and CPP treatment.
台灣康復力、假酸漿和塔山澤蘭中吡咯里西啶類生物鹼之季節變化含量分析
為了解決T20II 2022 的問題，作者許羽鎔 這樣論述：
康復力 (Symphytum officinale Linn.) 與假酸漿 (Trichodesma calycosum Collett & Hemsl.) 為紫草科植物，康復力具有調節發炎反應的功效可以促進傷口癒合。假酸漿葉子具有抗發炎，修復胃黏膜損傷的效用，在原住民的飲食文化中認為假酸漿是可以緩解脹氣及促進消化。塔山澤蘭 (Eupatorium chinense L. var. tozanense (Hayata) Kitamura) 是菊科植物，含有倍半萜內酯其具有抗腫瘤之功效。本研究收集台灣四季之康復力、假酸漿和塔山澤蘭，利用氣相層析質譜儀 (gas chromatography-m
ass spectrometry, GC-MS) 進行具有肝毒性和致瘤性的吡咯里西啶生物鹼 (pyrrolizidine alkaloid, PAs) 之檢測。定性結果顯示康復力至少含有 23 種 PAs，假酸漿至少含有 29 種 PAs 以及塔山澤蘭至少含有 13種 PAs。定量結果顯示，康復力根部 PAs 含量高於莖葉，四季 PAs 含量由高至低分別為，根：冬＞春＞秋＞夏；莖葉：秋＞春＞夏＞冬。康復力中 PAs 之主要含量分別為開環二酯結構之 7-acetylintermedine、7-acetyllycopsamine 及 7-tigloylintermedine。在冬、春和夏季三個季節
中，假酸漿中 PAs 含量最高的季節為夏季，含量最高之部位為根部含有 1013.99～3914.66 μg/g。塔山澤蘭中 PAs 化合物含量最高的部位為根含有 127.11～190.09 μg/g，莖葉部位含量較少，莖含有 0～12.28 μg/g；葉含有 0～65.17 μg/g。本研究為台灣民眾提供了攝入含有 PAs 的植物對健康危害潛在風險之相關評估。