Geomagic Design X的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列懶人包和總整理

下頜骨切除術後腓骨游離皮瓣重建術中虛擬手術計劃（VSP）準確性的術後評估：前導性研究

為了解決Geomagic Design X的問題，作者馬潔如 這樣論述：

Introduction: The fibular free flap (FFF) is the gold standard and most frequently used vascularized flap for mandibular defects. In the traditional approach, the fibula segments’ position is dependent on the surgeon’s experience and is assured intraoperatively. The outcome is confirmed postoperati

vely by CT scan. If there are inaccuracies, there is no possibility for adjustment other than having a second surgery. Precise mandibular resection and reconstruction via conventional methods are laborious. Hence, Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP) has been developed and used widely in Oral and Maxillo

facial Surgery. VSP uses surgical simulation instead of depending on manual estimation, thus, reducing human translational errors. Computer-assisted Surgery (CAS) processes include patient evaluation, data acquisition, and VSP phase, modeling phase, surgical phase, and postoperative evaluation phase

. The final phase is not performed in all studies and treatment plans involving the use of CAS.Objectives: The study’s purpose is to evaluate the trueness and precision of VSP in mandibular reconstruction using FFF. Moreover, to compare the results between patients who underwent the reconstruction w

ith the aid of specific fibula from the generic fibula cutting guides.Materials/Methods: Ten patients with malignant and benign tumors who were treated with mandibulectomy and microvascular FFF reconstruction with the aid of VSP/CAS from 2017 to 2020 were evaluated. Preoperatively, head and neck sca

ns were obtained. In some cases, especially females, leg CT scans were requested for the individualized fibula cutting guides planned to be used for donor osteotomy. The diagnostic images were sent to be processed for VSP. The surgical guides were manufactured to be used intraoperatively. In the pat

ients’ follow-ups, postoperative images were requested. These images and some of the preoperative CBCT/CT were saved as DICOM, processed by semi-automatic segmentation, converting the file into STL using 3D Slicer. The preoperative STL, the models used during VSP, and the postoperative STL were impo

rted into Geomagic Control X for postoperative evaluation. The outcome’s deviation from the VSP was assessed. The preoperative and postoperative STLs were measured. This involved 2D analysis by using points, vectors, angles, and planes as well as the use of a 3D color map. The anatomic part of the m

andible with the greatest and most common area of deviation according to the defect classification was also assessed. The mean differences between the preoperative and postoperative measurements were captured. With the total cases, statistical analysis by paired t-tests was carried out. A comparison

was also performed between cases wherein fibula images were obtained through generic or patient-specific means. The ten cases were divided into two groups, the generic and specific fibula. Only the mean, SD, and differences were taken.Results: From the total number of cases, generic fibula guides w

ere used in five patients and five were specific fibula guides. The outcome showed minimal discrepancies from VSP. The angle of affected mandible and the gonion to sagittal plane parameters gave the most accurate outcome among all cases. No statistically significant differences were shown. Only the

intersubcondylar distance gave the greatest mean difference but only 1.56 + 2.58 mm. For the assessment of the two groups, the specific fibula generally showed a lesser amount of change from the VSP while, the generic gave the greatest amount of change which is 2.81 + 6.49 mm in the subcondyle to co

ronal parameter. For the 3D assessment, the specific gave a 90.25 % while the generic gave 84.51% In-tolerances.Conclusion: VSP is reproducible and accurate. It provides an improved clinical outcome, especially in extensive cases, therefore, improves the quality of life of the patients. Generic fibu

la cutting guides tend to be more inexpensive for patients and would provide a shorter processing time during VSP while patient-specific fibula guides would give a more accurate fit in the mandibular reconstruction for better functionality and aesthetics. Incorporating VSP into conventional methods

enhances the decision-making during diagnosis and the execution of the planned management.Keywords: Virtual Surgical Planning, Computer-assisted Surgery, Fibular Free Flap reconstruction, mandibular resection, generic fibula, specific fibula