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航空器測試與故障預測技術

為了解決Discriminant formula的問題，作者蘇艷 這樣論述：

本書可作為飛機維修專業的教材，並可作為飛機維修及相關專業的研究生和技術人員的參考書。 In this book, the complete theory systems and frameworks of aircraft testability and fault prognosis techniques are established.The common testability design analysis, fault diagnosis and prognosis methods of aircraft are introduced comprehensively. The ob

jects of the book are to stand out the characteristics of aviation, to pursue comprehensive and detailed content, and to emphasize the combination of theory and application. In the aspect of theory, the advanced theories and techniques including signal analysis, multisignal modeling, test strategy

optimization, sensor placement and sensing strategies,fault diagnosis methods, fault prognosis techniques and so on, which are involved in aircraft testability and fault prognosis, are all introduced in detail. In this book, aircraft testability and fault prognosis techniques include: testability m

odeling and analysis for aircraft system fault diagnosis and prognosis, vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis for aeroengine, trend analysis of aeroengine, and nondestructive testing of aircraft structure. In this book, many diagnosis cases are arranged in order to make theory to combine practi

ce. The book can be acted as the teaching material for senior aircraft maintenance majors, and reference book for postgraduate and technician of this major and related majors.   蘇豔：主要從事故障測試與維修排故、系統測試性設計分析、飛機結構適航測試等研究。 Chapter 1 Introduction1 1.1 The significance of aircraft diag

nosis and prognosis technology 1.2 Development of fault diagnosis and prognosis for aircraft system 1.3 Development of aircraft maintenance theory 1.3.1 Aircraft breakdown maintenance system 1.3.2 Aircraft hard time maintenance system 1.3.3 Aircraft reliability centered maintenance system 1.3.4 Airc

raft on condition maintenance system 1.4 Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis techniques for aeroengie 1.4.1 Research objects 1.4.2 The basic theory 1.4.3 Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system aero engine 1.5 Inspection and repair techniques for aircraft structure 1.5.1 Structure insp

ection and maintenance goals 1.5.2 Aircraft design service goal and economic service life 1.5.3 Aircraft structure integrity and aging aircraft structure maintenance 1.5.4 The aircraft nondestructive detection techniques 1.5.5 Aircraft leakage detection technology 1.6 Review questions Chapter 2 Tes

tability Designing Analysis for System Diagnosis and Progosis 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Diagnostic and prognostic system requirements 2.3 Designing in fault diagnostic and prognostic systems 2.4 Diagnostic and prognostic functional layers 2.5 Testability modeling for complex system fault diagnosis 2.5.1

Types of failures 2.5.2 Designing completely testable systems using TEAMS 2.5.3 Testability design analysis based on MHFDG model for aircraft system ault diagnosis 2.6 Test strategy optimization method for aircraft system fault diagnosis 2.7 Review questions Chapter 3 Sensors and Sensing Strategies

3.1 Basic concepts of sensors, transducers and sensing strategies 3.2 Sensors application and quality requirements 3.2.1 Application 3.2.2 Quality requirements 3.3 The types of transducers 3.4 Type of sensors 3.4.1 Gases or liquids pressure sensors 3.4.2 Mechanical/structural sensor systems 3.4.3 P

erformance/operational sensors 3.4.4 Other new sensors 3.5 Sensor placement 3.6 Wireless sensor networks 3.7 Digital signal processing system 3.8 Review questions Chapter 4 Fault Signal Analysis and Processing 4.1 The concept and classification of signal 4.1.1 The concept of signal 4.1.2 The classi

fication of signal 4.2 Time domain analysis 4.2.1 Amplitude domain 4.2.2 Time difference domain 4.2.3 Stationary stochastic process 4.2.4 Ergodic stochastic process 4.3 Frequency domain analysis 4.3.1 Impulse function and convolution 4.3.2 Fourier series 4.3.3 Fourier transform 4.4 Review questions

Chapter 5 Theories for Fault Recognition and Diagnosis 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Fault diagnosis framework 5.2.1 Relevant definitions 5.2.2 Fault monitoring and diagnosis framework 5.3 Bayesian classification 5.3.1 Condition probability 5.3.2 Total probability formula 5.3.3 The Bayes decision based on m

inimum error ratio 5.3.4 Bayes decision based on the minimum average risk 5.4 Classification based on distance functions 5.4.1 Space distance (geometric distance) functions 5.4.2 Discriminant method with information distance 5.5 Fuzzy diagnosis 5.5.1 Membership function 5.5.2 Fuzzy vector 5.5.3 Fuzz

y relationship 5.6 Grey diagnosis 5.6.1 Grey system modeling 5.6.2 The grey relation grade analysis 5.7 Neural network diagnosis 5.7.1 The topology structure and learning rules for artificial neural netwrk 5.7.2 Multlayer feed forward neural networks model and BP algorithm 5.8 Support vector machine

s diagnosis 5.8.1 Fundamental problems and methods of the machine learning 5.8.2 The core contents of statistical learning theory 5.8.3 Support vector machine 5.9 Expert system diagnosis 5.9.1 Introduction 5.9.2 Traditional rule based expert system principle 5.9.3 Diagnosis principle of neural netwo

rk expert system 5.10 Model based fault diagnosis 5.10.1 Common fault modeling 5.10.2 Dynamic systems modeling 5.11 Data based fault diagnosis 5.11.1 Alarm bounds method 5.11.2 Statistical clustering methods 5.11.3 Neural network classification and clustering 5.12 Review questions Chapter 6 Prognos

is Approaches for Aircrafts System and Compnent 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 Revolutionary concepts made possible by prognostics 6.1.2 Prognostic applications related to aircraft 6.2 Prognostics approaches used in the aeronautical science164 6.2.1 Reliability based approach 6.2.2 Physics/model based appro

ach 6.2.3 Data driven approach 6.2.4 Hybrid/fusion approach 6.3 Physics/model based fault prognosis 6.3.1 The state estimation 6.3.2 The RUL prediction 6.3.3 A case：pneumatic valves leakage prediction in refuelling systm 6.4 Data driven performance prognosis 6.4.1Data driven approach based on feed f

orward NN 6.4.2 Data driven prognostics based on Dynamic Wavelet Neural Netwrks (DWNNs) 6.4.3 A case: gas turbine performance prognosis 6.5 Time series prediction methods 6.5.1 Linear time series prediction methods 6.5.2 Nonlinear time series prediction methods 6.5.3 Time series prediction based on

neural networks 6.5.4 The prediction method using support vector machine 6.6 Review questions Chapter 7 Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Techniques for Aeroegine1 7.1 Aeroengine state diagnosis 7.1.1 Basic principle of engine state diagnosis 7.1.2 Basic concepts for fault diagnosis 7.1.3 Fa

ult equation 7.1.4 Conclusion 7.2 The vibration monitoring and diagnosis system for aero engine 7.2.1 The main exciting sources of aero engine 7.2.2 The common faults mechanism analysis of rotor system 7.3 Common faults and their diagnosis of gear 7.3.1 Common fault forms and fault causes of gear 7.

3.2 Vibration mechanism of gear 7.3.3 The common signal analysis and processing methods for gear ault diagnosis 7.3.4 The signal characteristics and precision diagnosis of common aults of gear 7.4 Review questions Chapter 8 Nondestructive Testing Techniques for Aircraft Structural Inspction 8.1 The

significance and function of NDT in aviation maintenance 8.1.1 Nondestructive testing for old aircraft 8.1.2 Nondestructive testing of new materials on new aircraft 8.1.3 The role of nondestructive testing in aircraft calendar life study 8.1.4 The role of nondestructive testing in the aircraft fati

gue crack growth monitoring 8.1.5 Aircraft nondestructive testing techniques 8.2 Ultrasonic testing 8.2.1 Summary 8.2.2 Ultrasonic propagation velocity and acoustic impedance 8.2.3 The reflection and transmission of ultrasonic wave vertically irradiating on plane interface 8.2.4The reflection and re

fraction of ultrasonic slantwise incidence on plane interface 8.2.5 Ultrasonic testing method 8.2.6 Application of ultrasonic testing in aviation maintenance 8.3 Eddy current testing method 8.3.1 Summary 8.3.2 Eddy current testing principle 8.3.3 Eddy current testing features 8.3.4 Application for e

ddy current testing in aviation maintenance 8.4 Magnetic particle testing method 8.4.1 Summary 8.4.2Basic principle of magnetic particle testing 8.4.3 Characteristics of magnetic particle testing 8.4.4 The application of magnetic particle testing in aviation maintenance 8.5 Review questions Referenc

es  

數學經典（影印版）：復分析2（英文）

為了解決Discriminant formula的問題，作者（德）弗賴塔格 這樣論述：

該書全面系統地講述了復分析，從黎曼曲面理論入手，包括單值化理論、對緊黎曼曲面理論的詳細論述、黎曼-羅奇定理、Abel定理、Jacobi反演定理。這些內容必引起對多復變數理論的簡短介紹，隨后講了Abelian函數理論到θ定理。書的最后部分介紹了高等模函數理論。讀者對象：熟悉初級復值函數論基礎、橢圓函數理論以及橢圓模函數理論的讀者。Eberhard Freitag是國際知名學者，在數學界享有盛譽。本書凝聚了作者多年科研和教學成果，適用於科研工作者、高校教師和研究生。 Chapter Ⅰ.Riemann Surfaces 0 Basic Topological Notions 1

The Notion of a Riemann Surface 2 The Analytisches Gebilde 3 The Riemann Surface of an Algebraic Function Appendix A.A Special Case of Covering Theory Appendix B.A Theorem of Implicit functions Chapter Ⅱ.Harmonic Functions on Riemann Surfaces 1 The Poisson Integral Formula 2 Stability of Harmonic Fu

nctions on Taking Limits 3 The Boundary Value Problem for Disks 4 The Formulation of the Boundary Value Problem on Riemann Surfaces and the Uniqueness of the Solution 5 Solution of the Boundary Value Problem by Means of the Schwarz Alternating Method 6 The Normalized Solution of the External Space P

roblem Appendix.Countability of Riemann Surfaces 7 Construction of Harmonic Functions with Prescribed Singularities： The Bordered Case 8 Construction of Harmonic Functions with a Logarithmic Singularity： The Green’’s Function 9 Construction of Harmonic Functions with a Prescribed Singularity： The Ca

se of a Positive Boundary 10 A Lemma of Nevanlinna 11 Construction of Harmoruc Functions with a Prescribed Singularity： The Case of a Zero Boundary 12 The Most Important Cases of the Existence Theorems 13 Appendix to Chapter Ⅱ.Stokes’’s Theorem Chapter Ⅲ.Uniformization 1 The Uniformization Theorem 2

A Rough Classification of Riemann Surfaces 3 Picard’’s Theorems 4 Appendix A.The Fundamental Group 5 Appendix B.The Universal Covering 6 Appendix C.The Monodromy Theorem Chapter Ⅳ.Compact Riemann Surfaces 1 Meromorphic Differentials 2 Compact Riemann Surfaces and Algebraic Functions 3 The Triangula

tion of a Compact Riemann Surface Appendix.The Riemann—Hurwitz Ranufication Formula 4 Combinatorial Schemes 5 Gluing of Boundary Edges 6 The Normal Form of Compact Riemann Surfaces 7 Differentials of the First Kind Appendix.The Polyhedron Theorem 8 Some Period Relations Appendix.Piecewise smoothness

9 The Riemann—Roch Theorem 10 More Period Relations 11 Abel’’s Theorem 12 The Jacobi Inversion Problem Appendix.Continuity of Roots Appendices to Chapter Ⅳ 13 Multicanonical Forms 14 Dimensions of Vector Spaces of Modular Forms 15 Dimensions of Vector Spaces of Modular Forms with Multiplier Systems

Chapter Ⅴ.Analytic Functions of Several Complex Variables 1 Elementary Properties of Analytic Functions of Several Variables 2 Power Series in Several Variables 3 Analytic Maps 4 The Weierstrass Preparation Theorem 5 Representation of Meromorphic Functions as Quotients of Analytic Functions 6 Alter

nating Differential Forms Chapter Ⅵ.Abelian Functions 1 Lattices and Tori 2 Hodge Theory of the Real Torus 3 Hodge Theory of a Complex Torus 4 Automorphy Summands 5 Quasi—Hermitian Forms on Lattices 6 Riemannian Forms 7 Canonical Lattice Bases 8 Theta Series （Construction of the Spaces （Q，l，E）） Appe

ndix.Complex Fourier Series 9 Graded Rings of Theta Series 10 A Nondegenerateness Theorem 11 The Field of Abelian Functions 12 Polarized Abelian Manifolds 13 The Limits of Classical Complex Analysis Chapter Ⅶ.Modular Forms of Several Variables 1 Siegel’’s Modular Group 2 The Notion of a Modular Form

of Degree’’n 3 Koecher’’s Principle 4 Specialization of Modular Forms 5 Generators for Some Modular Groups 6 Computation of Some Indices 7 Theta series 8 Group—Theoretic Considerations 9 Igusa’’s Congruence Subgroups 10 The Fundamental Domain of the Modular Group of Degree Two 11 The Zeros of the T

heta Series of Degree two 12 A Ring of Modular Forms Chapter Ⅷ.Appendix： Algebraic Tools 1 Divisibility 2 Factorial Rings （UFD rings） 3 The Discriminant 4 Algebraic Function Fields References Index

台灣健康高齡者修訂版時限聽覺序列加法測驗的心理計量特性與常模研究

為了解決Discriminant formula的問題，作者李庭嘉 這樣論述：

全球人口老化為現今社會面臨的挑戰，老化可能伴隨認知功能改變，注意力、執行功能、工作記憶、及處理速度為常被報告與老化有關的認知功能改變，時限聽覺序列加法測驗（Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, PASAT）為一臨床常用於評估上述功能的測驗，然而現行的修訂版PASAT（PASAT-Revised, PASAT-R）常模中高齡者樣本相對有限，故本研究目標發展臺灣健康高齡者的PASAT-R常模並評估測驗在此族群中的心理計量特性。本研究依母群人口結構分層抽樣、招募臺灣各地區166名65歲以上、教育程度0至18年之正常高齡者進行PASAT-R的施測，利用Cronba

ch’s α檢驗測驗內部一致性，並於三個月後隨機抽取30名參與者進行再測以檢驗再測信度；校標關聯效度利用評估PASAT-R表現與語意聯想口語流利度測驗，魏氏成人智力測驗第三版的算術分測驗、記憶廣度分測驗、符號搜尋分測驗，以及數字符號替代分測驗表現的關聯評估，建構效度利用多元迴歸分析人口學變項與測驗表現關聯評估。結果顯示PASAT-R在台灣老年族群中具有良好內部一致性（α = 0.94）再測信度（r = 0.90）；PASAT-R與注意力與執行功能測驗、工作記憶測驗，以及訊息處理速度測驗皆有顯著相關（r = 0.40 ~ 0.79）；PASAT-R表現與年齡成反比（b = -.95 ~ -.18

）、與教育程度成正比（b = -.95 ~ -.18）；本研究在控制人口學變項之影響並教正後，計算出PASAT-R的百分等級表。PASAT-R為一可運用於台灣高齡者工作記憶、注意力、執行功能，以及處理速度評估的神經心理測驗。